Premna odorata Volatile Oil as a New Mycobacterium tuberculosis Growth Inhibitor for the Control of Tuberculosis Disease

Aims: This study aimed to identify and compare Premna odorata Blanco volatile oil (VO) for the first time; isolated from different plant organs (leaves, young stems, and flowers) with evaluating the oil antituberculosis (anti-TB) activity.

Study Design: Experimental design was carried out by using hydrodistillation method, GC/MS analysis and MeDipro Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) Antigen ELISA Technique (MMA-ELISA) accompanied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, between May to July 2017.

Methodology: P. odorata VO was identified using GC/MS analysis, the oil anti-TB activity was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo MMA-ELISA accompanied by PCR analysis.

Results: GC/MS analysis revealed that P. odorata VO consisted of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and higher alkanes; where monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were represented the major oils fractions. Trans-caryophyllene (29.403% & 14.638%) and β-phellandrene (22.390% & 11.701%) were the major compounds in the leaves and young stems oils, respectively. While α-pinene (38.160%) was a characteristic component of the flower's oil. MMA-ELISA showed that a dose of 100 µl/ml in vitro and 300 µl/ml in vivo; the leaves, young stems, and the flowers oils separately had significant anti-TB activities with measured values > 1.5 µg/ml MTB antigen; while the three organs oils in combination 1:1:1 increased the potency of the oils against MTB with measured values < 1.5 µg/ml MTB antigen with PCR negative analysis.

Conclusion: P. odorata VO exhibited Anti-TB activity which Anti-TB could be related to the presence of cyclic terpenes (major) and acyclic oxygenated terpenes (minor) compounds.