An Observational Study on Drug Utilization Pattern in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients using Anti-Hypertensive Drugs in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Background: There is a strong relationship between Hypertension and chronic kidney disease. HTN is highly prevalent in CKD patients, contributing to high cardiovascular risk.

Objectives: This study aims drug utilization pattern of Antihypertensive drugs in CKD. The objective of the study to determine the occurrence of co-morbidities, the prevalence of CKD stages in chronic kidney patients and to prepare a protocol of anti-hypertensive in CKD.

Methodology: This was an observational/cross-sectional study that was carried out for six months at Dhiraj General Hospital, Vadodara. CKD patients who were prescribed antihypertensive agents were included as per study criteria. Data was collected by filling the patient medical record sheet.

Results: A total of 60 CKD patients with HTN were included in the study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of 60 patients, we noticed that number of inpatients was 67% while the number of OPD patients was just 33%. Comparing gender proportionality, male represents 63% and female represents 37% were found between the age group of 18-65 years. The recorded systolic BP in mild case in the overall study population was found to be 140-159 mmHg and diastolic BP was found to be 90-99 mmHg. In moderate case systolic BP was 160-179 mmHg and diastolic BP was found to be 100-109 mmHg. In severe cases systolic BP was ≥180 mmHg and diastolic BP was found to be ≥110 mmHg. Among antihypertensive Calcium channel blockers was prescribed in 34.18% of patients and mostly recommended drug for hypertensive chronic kidney patients was furosemide which was 19.34%. Most participants were treated with multi-drug therapy.

Conclusion: In Hypertensive CKD patients, calcium channel blockers and furosemide were highly recommended which do not diverge from National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease, Outcome Quality Initiative guidelines.